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Immunophendype: [link widoczny dla zalogowanych] refers to where the cancer began, the B-cell of ALL or the T-Cell of ALL
White blood cell count: the higher the white blood cell counts the higher the risk.
Children with low risk: usually receive the following three drugs during the first month of treatment - vincristine [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], L-asparaginase and a corticosteroid (prednisone o
Knowing the risk rate helps the doctors to determine the type of treatment required.
Children with a particular kind of cancer that is hard to treat or who have sudden changes to their health, are also placed in a high risk category.
The next step is to determine at what stage the cancer is; however ALL has no established staging system.
Adults with ALL: are classified as “untreated,” “remission” or “recurrent”
Children with ALL have an eighty percent cure rate when they undergo treatments. Some of the newer treatments have been known to increase the child cure rate to as high as ninety percent.
Age: Infants and children under 10 years of age are placed in a high risk category.
Treatments:
Chest X-rayUltra SoundSpinal TapAdditional blood tests.
Adults with ALL have about a forty percent cure rate.
Children with ALL: the following risk groups are used instead of stages.
To obtain that information they may consider the following tests.
Central Nervous System Sanctuary Therapy orCentral Nervous System Preventative TherapyIntrathecal chemotherapy – this type of chemotherapy is injected directly into the fluid that covers the spinal cord. This treatment kills cancer cells that cannot be reached by chemotherapy drugs given through an intravenous line.
Induction therapy: This first stage will destroy most of the leukemia cells in both blood and bone marrow.Consolidation therapy: The second stage is a post –remission therapy and is aimed at destroying the remaining leukemia cells in the brain or spinal cord.Maintenance therapy: in this third stage of treatment a lower dose of medication is given and prevents leukemia cells from re-growing.
This type of therapy is called:
Medications:
Read on
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia in Children
Umbilical Cord Stem Cells
Leukemia Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Children with B-Cell or T-cell. B-Cell is a lower risk and T-Cell a high risk.Cytogenetics refers to the changes in the chromosomes in the lymphocytes
ALL treatments fall into three stages:
Children with ALL usually receive treatments to destroy leukemia cells in the central nervous system during each stage of the therapy.
Chemotherapy is the main form of “Remission Treatment Induction Therapy” given to children and adults with ALL. Each session lasts for approximately four weeks or more. During the induction cycle treatments it is usual for the patient to remain in hospital [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], due to the chemotherapy destroying a number of the normal blood cells while in the process of killing the leukemia cells; since this is known to cause anemia, infections and bleeding.
The three stages of treatments above usually take from two to three and a half years to complete.